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Momentum Oscillators -


Table of Contents:

* Introduction
* Leading Indicator
* Trading Considerations
* Banded and crossover oscillators

 

 

 

Introduction

 

We believe the most useful tools employed by technicians are momentum oscillators.  The momentum oscillator measures the velocity of directional price movement. When price moves up, at some point the market is considered to be overbought; when it moves down, at some point the market is considered to be oversold.  In either case, a reaction or reversal is imminent.  The slope of the momentum oscillator is directly proportional to the velocity of the move.  The distance traveled up or down by the momentum oscillator is proportional to the magnitude of the move.  The momentum oscillator is usually characterized by a line on a chart drawn in two dimensions. The Y axis (vertical) represents magnitude or distance the indicator moves; the X axis (horizontal) represents time. The momentum oscillator drawn in this manner is characterized by the fact that it moves very rapidly at market turning points and tends to slow down as the market continues the directional move.  (All formulas are written for use with  MetaStock EOD and MetaStock Pro software). We use Metastock charts for our technical analysis.  We use candlestick charts for all our analysis and online trading.

Leading Indicators

Many leading indicators come in the form of momentum oscillators. Generally speaking, momentum measures the rate-of-change of a security's price. As the price of a security rises, price momentum increases. The faster the security rises (the greater the period-over-period price change), the larger the increase in momentum. Once this rise begins to slow, momentum will also slow. As a security begins to trade flat, momentum starts to actually decline from previous high levels. However, declining momentum in the face of sideways trading is not always a bearish signal. It simply means that momentum is returning to a more median level.

 

Trading Considerations

Momentum can be used as a trend-following oscillator similar to the MACD. A bullish signal is generated when the indicator bottoms and turns up. A bearish signal is generated when the indicator peaks and turns down.  Many who use online trading use these oscillators as they come included in many software packages. If you are day trading, you can use these in different time periods.


If the Momentum indicator reaches extremely higher low values (relative to its historical values), a continuation of the current trend may be called for. For example, if the Momentum indicator reaches extremely high values and then turns down, one could assume prices will probably go still higher. In either case, only trade after prices confirm the signal generated by the indicator (e.g., if prices peak and turn down, wait for prices to begin to fall before selling).


The Momentum indicator can also be used as a leading indicator. This method assumes that market tops are typically identified by a rapid price increase (when everyone expects prices to go higher) and that market bottoms typically end with rapid price declines (when everyone wants to get out). As a market peaks, the Momentum indicator will climb sharply and then fall off--diverging from the continued upward or sideways movement of the price.

Oscillators generate buy and sell signals. Some signals are geared towards early entry, while others appear after the trend has begun. In addition to buy and sell signals, oscillators can signal that something is amiss with the current trend or that the current trend is about to change. Even though oscillators can generate their own signals, it is important to use these signals in conjunction with other aspects of technical analysis. Most oscillators are momentum indicators and only reflect one characteristic of a security's price action. Volume price patterns and support/resistance levels should also be taken into consideration.

Overbought vs Oversold

Oscillators fluctuate between extremes and therefore can be difficult to trade in a trending market.  You find you get signals that are not strong or valid at times.  Depending on the trend, you are best to trade with the trend.  If there is a strong up trending market the you are best to buy when the oscillator is oversold and stay away when it is over bought. This does not mean that counter trends will not work, but you need to view them in proper context and they must be considered along with other technical analysis.

There are banded oscillators in which you need to determine the upper and lower band.  There are center crossover or centerline crossover signals that fluctuate above and below a centerline.

 

 

Using Oscillator Signals

Using technical chart analysis along with the oscillators need to be applied.  The Banded Oscillators are best for identifying overbought and oversold conditions.  You do not necessarily use them as buy and sell signals but they sever as a piece to the puzzle, an alert that price actions are nearing extreme levels.  It is difficult at best to trade an oscillator signal that is going against a major trend, it is best to look for signals in the direction of the trend.

Oscillators are best used in conjunction with other technical analysis like support and resistance and candlestick patterns. These are to be used along with other indicators for best results.

 

 

The natural progression in taking our seminars is to take Candlesticks, then Moving Averages, then Momentum Oscillators.

 

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